The cerebellum is best known for its role in regulation and control of movement, but it is also involved in cognitive functions like emotions. The cerebellum is also divided into two hemispheres, like the cerebral cortex. The cerebellum lies inferior to the occipital lobes.
View the occipital lobe using the 3D Brain Non-Cerebral Components ‘Occipital Lobe’ by Casey Henley is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (CC BY-NC-SA) 4.0 International License. The occipital lobe is located in the back of the brain. The occipital lobes’ primary function is processing of visual information. The last lobes are the occipital lobes, the most caudal lobes located in the back of the brain. View the temporal lobe using the 3D Brain Occipital Lobe ‘Temporal Lobe’ by Casey Henley is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (CC BY-NC-SA) 4.0 International License. The lateral fissure divides the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes. The temporal lobe is located on the side of the brain. Beneath the cerebral cortex, deep in the temporal lobes, lie the hippocampus and amygdala, two regions of the limbic system, a circuit important for emotion and memory. The temporal lobe is also important for speech and memory. Like the parietal lobe, the temporal lobe plays a role in sensory processing, specifically with hearing, smell, taste, and higher-level visual processing. The temporal lobes are located on the side of the brain, separated from the frontal and parietal lobes by the lateral fissure. View the parietal lobe using the 3D Brain Temporal Lobe ‘Parietal Lobe’ by Casey Henley is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (CC BY-NC-SA) 4.0 International License. The central sulcus divides the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe. It includes the postcentral gyrus, the location of the primary somatosensory cortex. The parietal lobe is located on the top of the brain. The parietal lobes also perform higher-level visual processing. The primary somatosensory cortex is located in the postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe and is responsible for the perception of touch and pain. The parietal lobes are important for processing sensory information. The central sulcus lies caudal to the frontal lobe and divides the frontal lobes from the parietal lobes. View the frontal lobe using the 3D Brain Parietal Lobe ‘Frontal Lobe’ by Casey Henley is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (CC BY-NC-SA) 4.0 International License. It includes the precentral gyrus, the location of the primary motor cortex. The frontal lobe is located in the front of the brain. The primary motor cortex is located in the precentral gyrus. The frontal lobes are also the location of the primary motor cortex, the region of the brain responsible for planning and executing movement. They are the last brain region to fully develop, not completing development until individuals reach their 20s. The frontal lobes are the most rostral, located in the front of the brain and are responsible for higher level executive functions, like attention, critical thinking, and impulse control. The cerebral hemispheres of the brain are divided into four lobes. ‘External Brain Regions’ by Casey Henley is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (CC BY-NC-SA) 4.0 International License. The brainstem connects the brain with the spinal cord and exits from the ventral side of the brain. The cerebellum sits behind (posterior) and below (inferior) the cerebrum. The cerebrum, the largest part of the brain, is organized into folds called gyri and grooves called sulci. Figure 17.1 An external, side view of the parts of the brain. The ridges are called gyri and the grooves are called sulci. The cerebral hemispheres in humans have many folds to increase the surface area of the brain. The hemispheres have many of the same functions, for example, each perceives touch on one side of the body, but some functions demonstrate laterality, meaning they are primarily controlled on one side of the brain. It is divided into left and right hemispheres.
The cerebrum is the most prominent region of the brain. The brain is comprised of the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem.
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